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Edit File : Uri.php \| Size : 17.34 KB
<?php /** * @see https://github.com/zendframework/zend-diactoros for the canonical source repository * @copyright Copyright (c) 2015-2018 Zend Technologies USA Inc. (http://www.zend.com) * @license https://github.com/zendframework/zend-diactoros/blob/master/LICENSE.md New BSD License / declare(strict_types=1); namespace Zend\Diactoros; use Psr\Http\Message\UriInterface; use function array_keys; use function explode; use function get_class; use function gettype; use function implode; use function is_numeric; use function is_object; use function is_string; use function ltrim; use function parse_url; use function preg_match; use function preg_replace; use function preg_replace_callback; use function rawurlencode; use function sprintf; use function str_split; use function strpos; use function strtolower; use function substr; /* * Implementation of Psr\Http\UriInterface. * * Provides a value object representing a URI for HTTP requests. * * Instances of this class are considered immutable; all methods that * might change state are implemented such that they retain the internal * state of the current instance and return a new instance that contains the * changed state. / class Uri implements UriInterface { /* * Sub-delimiters used in user info, query strings and fragments. * * @const string / const CHAR_SUB_DELIMS = '!\$&\'\(\)\\+,;='; /** * Unreserved characters used in user info, paths, query strings, and fragments. * * @const string / const CHAR_UNRESERVED = 'a-zA-Z0-9_\-\.~\pL'; /* * @var int[] Array indexed by valid scheme names to their corresponding ports. / protected $allowedSchemes = [ 'http' => 80, 'https' => 443, ]; /* * @var string / private $scheme = ''; /* * @var string / private $userInfo = ''; /* * @var string / private $host = ''; /* * @var int / private $port; /* * @var string / private $path = ''; /* * @var string / private $query = ''; /* * @var string / private $fragment = ''; /* * generated uri string cache * @var string\|null / private $uriString; public function __construct(string $uri = '') { if ('' === $uri) { return; } $this->parseUri($uri); } /* * Operations to perform on clone. * * Since cloning usually is for purposes of mutation, we reset the * $uriString property so it will be re-calculated. / public function __clone() { $this->uriString = null; } /* * {@inheritdoc} / public function __toString() : string { if (null !== $this->uriString) { return $this->uriString; } $this->uriString = static::createUriString( $this->scheme, $this->getAuthority(), $this->getPath(), // Absolute URIs should use a "/" for an empty path $this->query, $this->fragment ); return $this->uriString; } /* * {@inheritdoc} / public function getScheme() : string { return $this->scheme; } /* * {@inheritdoc} / public function getAuthority() : string { if ('' === $this->host) { return ''; } $authority = $this->host; if ('' !== $this->userInfo) { $authority = $this->userInfo . '@' . $authority; } if ($this->isNonStandardPort($this->scheme, $this->host, $this->port)) { $authority .= ':' . $this->port; } return $authority; } /* * Retrieve the user-info part of the URI. * * This value is percent-encoded, per RFC 3986 Section 3.2.1. * * {@inheritdoc} / public function getUserInfo() : string { return $this->userInfo; } /* * {@inheritdoc} / public function getHost() : string { return $this->host; } /* * {@inheritdoc} / public function getPort() : ?int { return $this->isNonStandardPort($this->scheme, $this->host, $this->port) ? $this->port : null; } /* * {@inheritdoc} / public function getPath() : string { return $this->path; } /* * {@inheritdoc} / public function getQuery() : string { return $this->query; } /* * {@inheritdoc} / public function getFragment() : string { return $this->fragment; } /* * {@inheritdoc} / public function withScheme($scheme) : UriInterface { if (! is_string($scheme)) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf( '%s expects a string argument; received %s', __METHOD__, is_object($scheme) ? get_class($scheme) : gettype($scheme) )); } $scheme = $this->filterScheme($scheme); if ($scheme === $this->scheme) { // Do nothing if no change was made. return $this; } $new = clone $this; $new->scheme = $scheme; return $new; } /* * Create and return a new instance containing the provided user credentials. * * The value will be percent-encoded in the new instance, but with measures * taken to prevent double-encoding. * * {@inheritdoc} / public function withUserInfo($user, $password = null) : UriInterface { if (! is_string($user)) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf( '%s expects a string user argument; received %s', __METHOD__, is_object($user) ? get_class($user) : gettype($user) )); } if (null !== $password && ! is_string($password)) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf( '%s expects a string or null password argument; received %s', __METHOD__, is_object($password) ? get_class($password) : gettype($password) )); } $info = $this->filterUserInfoPart($user); if (null !== $password) { $info .= ':' . $this->filterUserInfoPart($password); } if ($info === $this->userInfo) { // Do nothing if no change was made. return $this; } $new = clone $this; $new->userInfo = $info; return $new; } /* * {@inheritdoc} / public function withHost($host) : UriInterface { if (! is_string($host)) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf( '%s expects a string argument; received %s', __METHOD__, is_object($host) ? get_class($host) : gettype($host) )); } if ($host === $this->host) { // Do nothing if no change was made. return $this; } $new = clone $this; $new->host = strtolower($host); return $new; } /* * {@inheritdoc} / public function withPort($port) : UriInterface { if ($port !== null) { if (! is_numeric($port) \|\| is_float($port)) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf( 'Invalid port "%s" specified; must be an integer, an integer string, or null', is_object($port) ? get_class($port) : gettype($port) )); } $port = (int) $port; } if ($port === $this->port) { // Do nothing if no change was made. return $this; } if ($port !== null && ($port < 1 \|\| $port > 65535)) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf( 'Invalid port "%d" specified; must be a valid TCP/UDP port', $port )); } $new = clone $this; $new->port = $port; return $new; } /* * {@inheritdoc} / public function withPath($path) : UriInterface { if (! is_string($path)) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Invalid path provided; must be a string' ); } if (strpos($path, '?') !== false) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Invalid path provided; must not contain a query string' ); } if (strpos($path, '#') !== false) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Invalid path provided; must not contain a URI fragment' ); } $path = $this->filterPath($path); if ($path === $this->path) { // Do nothing if no change was made. return $this; } $new = clone $this; $new->path = $path; return $new; } /* * {@inheritdoc} / public function withQuery($query) : UriInterface { if (! is_string($query)) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Query string must be a string' ); } if (strpos($query, '#') !== false) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Query string must not include a URI fragment' ); } $query = $this->filterQuery($query); if ($query === $this->query) { // Do nothing if no change was made. return $this; } $new = clone $this; $new->query = $query; return $new; } /* * {@inheritdoc} / public function withFragment($fragment) : UriInterface { if (! is_string($fragment)) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf( '%s expects a string argument; received %s', __METHOD__, is_object($fragment) ? get_class($fragment) : gettype($fragment) )); } $fragment = $this->filterFragment($fragment); if ($fragment === $this->fragment) { // Do nothing if no change was made. return $this; } $new = clone $this; $new->fragment = $fragment; return $new; } /* * Parse a URI into its parts, and set the properties / private function parseUri(string $uri) : void { $parts = parse_url($uri); if (false === $parts) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'The source URI string appears to be malformed' ); } $this->scheme = isset($parts['scheme']) ? $this->filterScheme($parts['scheme']) : ''; $this->userInfo = isset($parts['user']) ? $this->filterUserInfoPart($parts['user']) : ''; $this->host = isset($parts['host']) ? strtolower($parts['host']) : ''; $this->port = isset($parts['port']) ? $parts['port'] : null; $this->path = isset($parts['path']) ? $this->filterPath($parts['path']) : ''; $this->query = isset($parts['query']) ? $this->filterQuery($parts['query']) : ''; $this->fragment = isset($parts['fragment']) ? $this->filterFragment($parts['fragment']) : ''; if (isset($parts['pass'])) { $this->userInfo .= ':' . $parts['pass']; } } /* * Create a URI string from its various parts / private static function createUriString( string $scheme, string $authority, string $path, string $query, string $fragment ) : string { $uri = ''; if ('' !== $scheme) { $uri .= sprintf('%s:', $scheme); } if ('' !== $authority) { $uri .= '//' . $authority; } if ('' !== $path && '/' !== substr($path, 0, 1)) { $path = '/' . $path; } $uri .= $path; if ('' !== $query) { $uri .= sprintf('?%s', $query); } if ('' !== $fragment) { $uri .= sprintf('#%s', $fragment); } return $uri; } /* * Is a given port non-standard for the current scheme? / private function isNonStandardPort(string $scheme, string $host, ?int $port) : bool { if ('' === $scheme) { return '' === $host \|\| null !== $port; } if ('' === $host \|\| null === $port) { return false; } return ! isset($this->allowedSchemes[$scheme]) \|\| $port !== $this->allowedSchemes[$scheme]; } /* * Filters the scheme to ensure it is a valid scheme. * * @param string $scheme Scheme name. * @return string Filtered scheme. / private function filterScheme(string $scheme) : string { $scheme = strtolower($scheme); $scheme = preg_replace('#:(//)?$#', '', $scheme); if ('' === $scheme) { return ''; } if (! isset($this->allowedSchemes[$scheme])) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf( 'Unsupported scheme "%s"; must be any empty string or in the set (%s)', $scheme, implode(', ', array_keys($this->allowedSchemes)) )); } return $scheme; } /* * Filters a part of user info in a URI to ensure it is properly encoded. * * @param string $part * @return string / private function filterUserInfoPart(string $part) : string { $part = $this->filterInvalidUtf8($part); // Note the addition of `%` to initial charset; this allows `\|` portion // to match and thus prevent double-encoding. return preg_replace_callback( '/(?:[^%' . self::CHAR_UNRESERVED . self::CHAR_SUB_DELIMS . ']+\|%(?![A-Fa-f0-9]{2}))/u', [$this, 'urlEncodeChar'], $part ); } /* * Filters the path of a URI to ensure it is properly encoded. / private function filterPath(string $path) : string { $path = $this->filterInvalidUtf8($path); $path = preg_replace_callback( '/(?:[^' . self::CHAR_UNRESERVED . ')(:@&=\+\$,\/;%]+\|%(?![A-Fa-f0-9]{2}))/u', [$this, 'urlEncodeChar'], $path ); if ('' === $path) { // No path return $path; } if ($path[0] !== '/') { // Relative path return $path; } // Ensure only one leading slash, to prevent XSS attempts. return '/' . ltrim($path, '/'); } /* * Encode invalid UTF-8 characters in given string. All other characters are unchanged. / private function filterInvalidUtf8(string $string) : string { // check if given string contains only valid UTF-8 characters if (preg_match('//u', $string)) { return $string; } $letters = str_split($string); foreach ($letters as $i => $letter) { if (! preg_match('//u', $letter)) { $letters[$i] = $this->urlEncodeChar([$letter]); } } return implode('', $letters); } /* * Filter a query string to ensure it is propertly encoded. * * Ensures that the values in the query string are properly urlencoded. / private function filterQuery(string $query) : string { if ('' !== $query && strpos($query, '?') === 0) { $query = substr($query, 1); } $parts = explode('&', $query); foreach ($parts as $index => $part) { [$key, $value] = $this->splitQueryValue($part); if ($value === null) { $parts[$index] = $this->filterQueryOrFragment($key); continue; } $parts[$index] = sprintf( '%s=%s', $this->filterQueryOrFragment($key), $this->filterQueryOrFragment($value) ); } return implode('&', $parts); } /* * Split a query value into a key/value tuple. * * @param string $value * @return array A value with exactly two elements, key and value / private function splitQueryValue(string $value) : array { $data = explode('=', $value, 2); if (! isset($data[1])) { $data[] = null; } return $data; } /* * Filter a fragment value to ensure it is properly encoded. / private function filterFragment(string $fragment) : string { if ('' !== $fragment && strpos($fragment, '#') === 0) { $fragment = '%23' . substr($fragment, 1); } return $this->filterQueryOrFragment($fragment); } /* * Filter a query string key or value, or a fragment. / private function filterQueryOrFragment(string $value) : string { $value = $this->filterInvalidUtf8($value); return preg_replace_callback( '/(?:[^' . self::CHAR_UNRESERVED . self::CHAR_SUB_DELIMS . '%:@\/\?]+\|%(?![A-Fa-f0-9]{2}))/u', [$this, 'urlEncodeChar'], $value ); } /* * URL encode a character returned by a regex. */ private function urlEncodeChar(array $matches) : string { return rawurlencode($matches[0]); } } Back

Edit File : Uri.php | Size : 17.34 KB

<?php
/**
 * @see       https://github.com/zendframework/zend-diactoros for the canonical source repository
 * @copyright Copyright (c) 2015-2018 Zend Technologies USA Inc. (http://www.zend.com)
 * @license   https://github.com/zendframework/zend-diactoros/blob/master/LICENSE.md New BSD License
 */

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace Zend\Diactoros;

use Psr\Http\Message\UriInterface;

use function array_keys;
use function explode;
use function get_class;
use function gettype;
use function implode;
use function is_numeric;
use function is_object;
use function is_string;
use function ltrim;
use function parse_url;
use function preg_match;
use function preg_replace;
use function preg_replace_callback;
use function rawurlencode;
use function sprintf;
use function str_split;
use function strpos;
use function strtolower;
use function substr;

/**
 * Implementation of Psr\Http\UriInterface.
 *
 * Provides a value object representing a URI for HTTP requests.
 *
 * Instances of this class  are considered immutable; all methods that
 * might change state are implemented such that they retain the internal
 * state of the current instance and return a new instance that contains the
 * changed state.
 */
class Uri implements UriInterface
{
    /**
     * Sub-delimiters used in user info, query strings and fragments.
     *
     * @const string
     */
    const CHAR_SUB_DELIMS = '!\$&\'\*\+,;=';

/**
     * Unreserved characters used in user info, paths, query strings, and fragments.
     *
     * @const string
     */
    const CHAR_UNRESERVED = 'a-zA-Z0-9_\-\.~\pL';

/**
     * @var int[] Array indexed by valid scheme names to their corresponding ports.
     */
    protected $allowedSchemes = [
        'http'  => 80,
        'https' => 443,
    ];

/**
     * @var string
     */
    private $scheme = '';

/**
     * @var string
     */
    private $userInfo = '';

/**
     * @var string
     */
    private $host = '';

/**
     * @var int
     */
    private $port;

/**
     * @var string
     */
    private $path = '';

/**
     * @var string
     */
    private $query = '';

/**
     * @var string
     */
    private $fragment = '';

/**
     * generated uri string cache
     * @var string|null
     */
    private $uriString;

public function __construct(string $uri = '')
    {
        if ('' === $uri) {
            return;
        }

$this->parseUri($uri);
    }

/**
     * Operations to perform on clone.
     *
     * Since cloning usually is for purposes of mutation, we reset the
     * $uriString property so it will be re-calculated.
     */
    public function __clone()
    {
        $this->uriString = null;
    }

/**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function __toString() : string
    {
        if (null !== $this->uriString) {
            return $this->uriString;
        }

$this->uriString = static::createUriString(
            $this->scheme,
            $this->getAuthority(),
            $this->getPath(), // Absolute URIs should use a "/" for an empty path
            $this->query,
            $this->fragment
        );

return $this->uriString;
    }

/**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getScheme() : string
    {
        return $this->scheme;
    }

/**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getAuthority() : string
    {
        if ('' === $this->host) {
            return '';
        }

$authority = $this->host;
        if ('' !== $this->userInfo) {
            $authority = $this->userInfo . '@' . $authority;
        }

if ($this->isNonStandardPort($this->scheme, $this->host, $this->port)) {
            $authority .= ':' . $this->port;
        }

return $authority;
    }

/**
     * Retrieve the user-info part of the URI.
     *
     * This value is percent-encoded, per RFC 3986 Section 3.2.1.
     *
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getUserInfo() : string
    {
        return $this->userInfo;
    }

/**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getHost() : string
    {
        return $this->host;
    }

/**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getPort() : ?int
    {
        return $this->isNonStandardPort($this->scheme, $this->host, $this->port)
            ? $this->port
            : null;
    }

/**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getPath() : string
    {
        return $this->path;
    }

/**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getQuery() : string
    {
        return $this->query;
    }

/**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getFragment() : string
    {
        return $this->fragment;
    }

/**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function withScheme($scheme) : UriInterface
    {
        if (! is_string($scheme)) {
            throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf(
                '%s expects a string argument; received %s',
                __METHOD__,
                is_object($scheme) ? get_class($scheme) : gettype($scheme)
            ));
        }

$scheme = $this->filterScheme($scheme);

if ($scheme === $this->scheme) {
            // Do nothing if no change was made.
            return $this;
        }

$new = clone $this;
        $new->scheme = $scheme;

return $new;
    }

/**
     * Create and return a new instance containing the provided user credentials.
     *
     * The value will be percent-encoded in the new instance, but with measures
     * taken to prevent double-encoding.
     *
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function withUserInfo($user, $password = null) : UriInterface
    {
        if (! is_string($user)) {
            throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf(
                '%s expects a string user argument; received %s',
                __METHOD__,
                is_object($user) ? get_class($user) : gettype($user)
            ));
        }
        if (null !== $password && ! is_string($password)) {
            throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf(
                '%s expects a string or null password argument; received %s',
                __METHOD__,
                is_object($password) ? get_class($password) : gettype($password)
            ));
        }

$info = $this->filterUserInfoPart($user);
        if (null !== $password) {
            $info .= ':' . $this->filterUserInfoPart($password);
        }

if ($info === $this->userInfo) {
            // Do nothing if no change was made.
            return $this;
        }

$new = clone $this;
        $new->userInfo = $info;

return $new;
    }

/**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function withHost($host) : UriInterface
    {
        if (! is_string($host)) {
            throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf(
                '%s expects a string argument; received %s',
                __METHOD__,
                is_object($host) ? get_class($host) : gettype($host)
            ));
        }

if ($host === $this->host) {
            // Do nothing if no change was made.
            return $this;
        }

$new = clone $this;
        $new->host = strtolower($host);

return $new;
    }

/**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function withPort($port) : UriInterface
    {
        if ($port !== null) {
            if (! is_numeric($port) || is_float($port)) {
                throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf(
                    'Invalid port "%s" specified; must be an integer, an integer string, or null',
                    is_object($port) ? get_class($port) : gettype($port)
                ));
            }

$port = (int) $port;
        }

if ($port === $this->port) {
            // Do nothing if no change was made.
            return $this;
        }

if ($port !== null && ($port < 1 || $port > 65535)) {
            throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf(
                'Invalid port "%d" specified; must be a valid TCP/UDP port',
                $port
            ));
        }

$new = clone $this;
        $new->port = $port;

return $new;
    }

/**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function withPath($path) : UriInterface
    {
        if (! is_string($path)) {
            throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(
                'Invalid path provided; must be a string'
            );
        }

if (strpos($path, '?') !== false) {
            throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(
                'Invalid path provided; must not contain a query string'
            );
        }

if (strpos($path, '#') !== false) {
            throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(
                'Invalid path provided; must not contain a URI fragment'
            );
        }

$path = $this->filterPath($path);

if ($path === $this->path) {
            // Do nothing if no change was made.
            return $this;
        }

$new = clone $this;
        $new->path = $path;

return $new;
    }

/**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function withQuery($query) : UriInterface
    {
        if (! is_string($query)) {
            throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(
                'Query string must be a string'
            );
        }

if (strpos($query, '#') !== false) {
            throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(
                'Query string must not include a URI fragment'
            );
        }

$query = $this->filterQuery($query);

if ($query === $this->query) {
            // Do nothing if no change was made.
            return $this;
        }

$new = clone $this;
        $new->query = $query;

return $new;
    }

/**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function withFragment($fragment) : UriInterface
    {
        if (! is_string($fragment)) {
            throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf(
                '%s expects a string argument; received %s',
                __METHOD__,
                is_object($fragment) ? get_class($fragment) : gettype($fragment)
            ));
        }

$fragment = $this->filterFragment($fragment);

if ($fragment === $this->fragment) {
            // Do nothing if no change was made.
            return $this;
        }

$new = clone $this;
        $new->fragment = $fragment;

return $new;
    }

/**
     * Parse a URI into its parts, and set the properties
     */
    private function parseUri(string $uri) : void
    {
        $parts = parse_url($uri);

if (false === $parts) {
            throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(
                'The source URI string appears to be malformed'
            );
        }

$this->scheme    = isset($parts['scheme']) ? $this->filterScheme($parts['scheme']) : '';
        $this->userInfo  = isset($parts['user']) ? $this->filterUserInfoPart($parts['user']) : '';
        $this->host      = isset($parts['host']) ? strtolower($parts['host']) : '';
        $this->port      = isset($parts['port']) ? $parts['port'] : null;
        $this->path      = isset($parts['path']) ? $this->filterPath($parts['path']) : '';
        $this->query     = isset($parts['query']) ? $this->filterQuery($parts['query']) : '';
        $this->fragment  = isset($parts['fragment']) ? $this->filterFragment($parts['fragment']) : '';

if (isset($parts['pass'])) {
            $this->userInfo .= ':' . $parts['pass'];
        }
    }

/**
     * Create a URI string from its various parts
     */
    private static function createUriString(
        string $scheme,
        string $authority,
        string $path,
        string $query,
        string $fragment
    ) : string {
        $uri = '';

if ('' !== $scheme) {
            $uri .= sprintf('%s:', $scheme);
        }

if ('' !== $authority) {
            $uri .= '//' . $authority;
        }

if ('' !== $path && '/' !== substr($path, 0, 1)) {
            $path = '/' . $path;
        }

$uri .= $path;

if ('' !== $query) {
            $uri .= sprintf('?%s', $query);
        }

if ('' !== $fragment) {
            $uri .= sprintf('#%s', $fragment);
        }

return $uri;
    }

/**
     * Is a given port non-standard for the current scheme?
     */
    private function isNonStandardPort(string $scheme, string $host, ?int $port) : bool
    {
        if ('' === $scheme) {
            return '' === $host || null !== $port;
        }

if ('' === $host || null === $port) {
            return false;
        }

return ! isset($this->allowedSchemes[$scheme]) || $port !== $this->allowedSchemes[$scheme];
    }

/**
     * Filters the scheme to ensure it is a valid scheme.
     *
     * @param string $scheme Scheme name.
     * @return string Filtered scheme.
     */
    private function filterScheme(string $scheme) : string
    {
        $scheme = strtolower($scheme);
        $scheme = preg_replace('#:(//)?$#', '', $scheme);

if ('' === $scheme) {
            return '';
        }

if (! isset($this->allowedSchemes[$scheme])) {
            throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException(sprintf(
                'Unsupported scheme "%s"; must be any empty string or in the set (%s)',
                $scheme,
                implode(', ', array_keys($this->allowedSchemes))
            ));
        }

return $scheme;
    }

/**
     * Filters a part of user info in a URI to ensure it is properly encoded.
     *
     * @param string $part
     * @return string
     */
    private function filterUserInfoPart(string $part) : string
    {
        $part = $this->filterInvalidUtf8($part);

// Note the addition of `%` to initial charset; this allows `|` portion
        // to match and thus prevent double-encoding.
        return preg_replace_callback(
            '/(?:[^%' . self::CHAR_UNRESERVED . self::CHAR_SUB_DELIMS . ']+|%(?![A-Fa-f0-9]{2}))/u',
            [$this, 'urlEncodeChar'],
            $part
        );
    }

/**
     * Filters the path of a URI to ensure it is properly encoded.
     */
    private function filterPath(string $path) : string
    {
        $path = $this->filterInvalidUtf8($path);

$path = preg_replace_callback(
            '/(?:[^' . self::CHAR_UNRESERVED . ')(:@&=\+\$,\/;%]+|%(?![A-Fa-f0-9]{2}))/u',
            [$this, 'urlEncodeChar'],
            $path
        );

if ('' === $path) {
            // No path
            return $path;
        }

if ($path[0] !== '/') {
            // Relative path
            return $path;
        }

// Ensure only one leading slash, to prevent XSS attempts.
        return '/' . ltrim($path, '/');
    }

/**
     * Encode invalid UTF-8 characters in given string. All other characters are unchanged.
     */
    private function filterInvalidUtf8(string $string) : string
    {
        // check if given string contains only valid UTF-8 characters
        if (preg_match('//u', $string)) {
            return $string;
        }

$letters = str_split($string);
        foreach ($letters as $i => $letter) {
            if (! preg_match('//u', $letter)) {
                $letters[$i] = $this->urlEncodeChar([$letter]);
            }
        }

return implode('', $letters);
    }

/**
     * Filter a query string to ensure it is propertly encoded.
     *
     * Ensures that the values in the query string are properly urlencoded.
     */
    private function filterQuery(string $query) : string
    {
        if ('' !== $query && strpos($query, '?') === 0) {
            $query = substr($query, 1);
        }

$parts = explode('&', $query);
        foreach ($parts as $index => $part) {
            [$key, $value] = $this->splitQueryValue($part);
            if ($value === null) {
                $parts[$index] = $this->filterQueryOrFragment($key);
                continue;
            }
            $parts[$index] = sprintf(
                '%s=%s',
                $this->filterQueryOrFragment($key),
                $this->filterQueryOrFragment($value)
            );
        }

return implode('&', $parts);
    }

/**
     * Split a query value into a key/value tuple.
     *
     * @param string $value
     * @return array A value with exactly two elements, key and value
     */
    private function splitQueryValue(string $value) : array
    {
        $data = explode('=', $value, 2);
        if (! isset($data[1])) {
            $data[] = null;
        }
        return $data;
    }

/**
     * Filter a fragment value to ensure it is properly encoded.
     */
    private function filterFragment(string $fragment) : string
    {
        if ('' !== $fragment && strpos($fragment, '#') === 0) {
            $fragment = '%23' . substr($fragment, 1);
        }

return $this->filterQueryOrFragment($fragment);
    }

/**
     * Filter a query string key or value, or a fragment.
     */
    private function filterQueryOrFragment(string $value) : string
    {
        $value = $this->filterInvalidUtf8($value);

return preg_replace_callback(
            '/(?:[^' . self::CHAR_UNRESERVED . self::CHAR_SUB_DELIMS . '%:@\/\?]+|%(?![A-Fa-f0-9]{2}))/u',
            [$this, 'urlEncodeChar'],
            $value
        );
    }

/**
     * URL encode a character returned by a regex.
     */
    private function urlEncodeChar(array $matches) : string
    {
        return rawurlencode($matches[0]);
    }
}

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